Red Dye No. 3 Banned in the U.S. What About Canada?

We saw a recent win for public health in the US on January 15, 2025. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced a ban on Red Dye No. 3, a synthetic food colorant that has been linked to cancer. This decision has sparked a lot of discussion around food safety, but there’s one glaring question for Canadians: Why hasn’t Canada followed suit?

For decades, this artificial dye has been used in everything from candy to medications. Now, with the FDA taking action, it raises questions about why Canada is still allowing it in our food supply.
Why Is the U.S. Banning Red Dye No. 3?
The FDA’s decision is based on mounting research suggesting that Red Dye No. 3 may be carcinogenic. The move is also backed by the Delaney Clause, a U.S. law that states any additive found to cause cancer in humans or animals cannot be approved for use in food. With such clear evidence, it’s no surprise the U.S. is finally cracking down.
But here’s the kicker: The concerns over this dye aren’t new. Scientists have been warning about its potential risks for years, yet it has remained in the food supply. Now that the U.S. is paying attention to the evidence, the pressure is on for other countries—including Canada—to reevaluate their stance.
What Exactly Is Red Dye No. 3?
Red Dye No. 3, also known as Erythrosine (E127), is a synthetic colorant used to make food look more appealing. It’s part of a family of artificial dyes that have long been debated for their safety. While regulators have allowed its use in limited amounts, recent research suggests it might not be as harmless as once believed.
Where Is Red Dye No. 3 Most Commonly Found?
If you eat processed foods, chances are you’ve consumed this dye. It’s commonly found in:

• Candy – Gummies, lollipops, and fruit-flavored sweets.
• Baked goods – Frostings, cakes, and pastries.
• Dairy & frozen treats – Strawberry-flavored milk, ice creams, and sorbets.
• Medications & vitamins – Certain over-the-counter drugs and chewable vitamins.
• Cosmetics – Occasionally used in makeup and beauty products (Canada).

So What Does the Science Say?
The biggest concern about Red Dye No. 3 is its potential cancer risk. Studies have shown that high doses caused cancer in lab animals, raising serious concerns about its safety for humans.
But that’s not the only issue. Research has also linked artificial dyes—including Red Dye No. 3—to hyperactivity and behavioral problems in children. Some people report allergic reactions or sensitivities, adding to the growing list of concerns about this common additive.
With all this in mind, it’s fair to ask: Why is Canada still allowing it?
Why Hasn’t It Been Banned in Canada Yet?
Unlike the U.S., Canada still permits the use of Red Dye No. 3—though only in limited amounts. Health Canada maintains that it’s safe when consumed in moderation, but given the latest research, many are questioning whether this policy needs to change.
The reality is that regulations don’t always keep up with science. New research often takes time to influence policy, and food industry lobbying can also slow things down. But when it comes to public health, waiting might not be the best approach.
What Can We You Do?
If you’re concerned about Red Dye No. 3 in Canada, you’re not alone.
The good news is you can take action:
> Check labels – It’s best to avoid products with any artificial dyes when possible.Red Dye no. 3 is also listed on food labels as Erythrosine, E127 or FD&C Red #3. 
> Advocate for change – Contact Health Canada and urge them to remove Red Dye No. 3. 
> Support cleaner brands – Choose food companies that prioritize natural colorants over synthetic ones. The Environmental Working Group is a great resource to verify if your products are "clean". 
> Consider partnering with a CAIN RHNP or RHNC to help teach you to make informed choices and confidently navigate the often confusing landscape of ingredients and food labels. 

The U.S. has taken action thanks to increasing awareness and pressure from the public, the FDA has begun to pay attention. Now it’s time for Canada to step up and put the pressure on Health Canada. If enough people speak out, change can happen here also!